II. classis
Commemoratio ad Laudes tantum: S. Gabrielis a Virgine Perdolente Confessoris
1. The fast, as taught by holy lore, We keep in solemn course once more: The fast to all men known, and bound In forty days of yearly round. 2. The law and seers that were of old In diverse ways this Lent foretold, Which Christ, all seasons’ King and Guide, In after ages sanctified. 3. More sparing therefore let us make The words we speak, the food we take, Our sleep and mirth, —and closer barred Be every sense in holy guard. 4. Avoid the evil thoughts that roll Like waters o’er the heedless soul; Nor let the foe occasion find Our souls in slavery to bind. 5. In prayer together let us fall, And cry for mercy, one and all, And weep before the Judge’s feet, And his avenging wrath entreat. 6. Thy grace have we offended sore, By sins, O God, which we deplore; But pour upon us from on high, O pardoning One, thy clemency. 7. Remember thou, though frail we be, That yet thine handiwork are we; Nor let the honour of thy name Be by another put to shame. 8. Forgive the sin that we have wrought; Increase the good that we have sought: That we at length, our wanderings o'er, May please thee here and evermore. 9. Grant O thou Blessed Trinity, Grant, O Essential Unity, That this our fast of forty days May work our profit and thy praise. Amen.
The Lord set up a testimony in Jacob: * and made a law in Israel.
Attend, O my people, to my law: * incline your ears to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth in parables: * I will utter propositions from the beginning.
How great things have we heard and known, * and our fathers have told us.
They have not been hidden from their children, * in another generation.
Declaring the praises of the Lord, and his powers, * and his wonders which he hath done.
And he set up a testimony in Jacob: * and made a law in Israel.
How great things he commanded our fathers, that they should make the same known to their children: * that another generation might know them.
The children that should be born and should rise up, * and declare them to their children.
That they may put their hope in God and may not forget the works of God: * and may seek his commandments.
That they may not become like their fathers, * a perverse and exasperating generation.
A generation that set not their heart aright: * and whose spirit was not faithful to God.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
The Lord set up a testimony in Jacob: * and made a law in Israel.
The Lord did wonderful things * in the sight of their fathers.
The sons of Ephraim who bend and shoot with the bow: * they have turned back in the day of battle.
They kept not the covenant of God: * and in his law they would not walk.
And they forgot his benefits, * and his wonders that he had shewn them.
Wonderful things did he do in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, * in the field of Tanis.
He divided the sea and brought them through: * and he made the waters to stand as in a vessel.
And he conducted them with a cloud by day: * and all the night with a light of fire.
He struck the rock in the wilderness: * and gave them to drink, as out of the great deep.
He brought forth water out of the rock: * and made streams run down as rivers.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
The Lord did wonderful things * in the sight of their fathers.
The Lord opened * the doors of heaven and had rained down manna upon them to eat.
And they added yet more sin against him: * they provoked the most High to wrath in the place without water.
And they tempted God in their hearts, * by asking meat for their desires.
And they spoke ill of God: * they said: Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?
Because he struck the rock, and the waters gushed out, * and the streams overflowed.
Can he also give bread, * or provide a table for his people?
Therefore the Lord heard, and was angry: * and a fire was kindled against Jacob, and wrath came up against Israel.
Because they believed not in God: * and trusted not in his salvation.
And he had commanded the clouds from above, * and had opened the doors of heaven.
And had rained down manna upon them to eat, * and had given them the bread of heaven.
Man ate the bread of angels: * he sent them provisions in abundance.
He removed the south wind from heaven: * and by his power brought in the southwest wind.
And he rained upon them flesh as dust: * and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea.
And they fell in the midst of their camp, * round about their pavilions.
So they did eat, and were filled exceedingly, and he gave them their desire: * they were not defrauded of that which they craved.
As yet their meat was in their mouth: * and the wrath of God came upon them.
And he slew the fat ones amongst them, * and brought down the chosen men of Israel.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
The Lord opened * the doors of heaven and had rained down manna upon them to eat.
God is their helper, * and the most high God their redeemer.
In all these things they sinned still: * and they believed not for his wondrous works.
And their days were consumed in vanity, * and their years in haste.
When he slew them, then they sought him: * and they returned, and came to him early in the morning.
And they remembered that God was their helper: * and the most high God their redeemer.
And they loved him with their mouth: * and with their tongue they lied unto him:
But their heart was not right with him: * nor were they counted faithful in his covenant.
But he is merciful, and will forgive their sins: * and will not destroy them.
And many a time did he turn away his anger: * and did not kindle all his wrath.
And he remembered that they are flesh: * a wind that goeth and returneth not.
How often did they provoke him in the desert: * and move him to wrath in the place without water?
And they turned back and tempted God: * and grieved the holy one of Israel.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
God is their helper, * and the most high God their redeemer.
The Lord redeemed them * from the hand of him that afflicted them.
They remembered not his hand, * in the day that he redeemed them from the hand of him that afflicted them:
How he wrought his signs in Egypt, * and his wonders in the field of Tanis.
And he turned their rivers into blood, * and their showers that they might, not drink.
He sent amongst them diverse sorts of flies, which devoured them: * and frogs which destroyed them.
And he gave up their fruits to the blast, * and their labours to the locust.
And he destroyed their vineyards with hail, * and their mulberry trees with hoarfrost.
And he gave up their cattle to the hail, * and their stock to the fire.
And he sent upon them the wrath of his indignation: * indignation and wrath and trouble, which he sent by evil angels.
He made a way for a path to his anger: * he spared not their souls from death, and their cattle he shut up in death.
And he killed all the firstborn in the land of Egypt: * the firstfruits of all their labour in the tabernacles of Cham.
And he took away his own people as sheep: * and guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
And he brought them out in hope, and they feared not: * and the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
And he brought them into the mountain of his sanctuary: * the mountain which his right hand had purchased.
And he cast out the Gentiles before them: * and by lot divided to them their land by a line of distribution.
And he made the tribes of Israel * to dwell in their tabernacles.
Yet they tempted, and provoked the most high God: * and they kept not his testimonies.
And they turned away, and kept not the covenant: * even like their fathers they were turned aside as a crooked bow.
They provoked him to anger on their hills: * and moved him to jealousy with their graven things.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
The Lord redeemed them * from the hand of him that afflicted them.
God built * his sanctuary in the earth.
God heard, and despised them, * and he reduced Israel exceedingly as it were to nothing.
And he put away the tabernacle of Silo, * his tabernacle where he dwelt among men.
And he delivered their strength into captivity: * and their beauty into the hands of the enemy.
And he shut up his people under the sword: * and he despised his inheritance.
Fire consumed their young men: * and their maidens were not lamented.
Their priests fell by the sword: * and their widows did not mourn.
And the Lord was awaked as one out of sleep, * and like a mighty man that hath been surfeited with wine.
And he smote his enemies on the hinder parts: * he put them to an everlasting reproach.
And he rejected the tabernacle of Joseph: * and chose not the tribe of Ephraim:
But he chose the tribe of Juda, * mount Sion which he loved.
And he built his sanctuary as of unicorns, in the land * which he founded for ever.
And he chose his servant David, and took him from the flocks of sheep: * he brought him from following the ewes great with young,
To feed Jacob his servant, * and Israel his inheritance.
And he fed them in the innocence of his heart: * and conducted them by the skilfulness of his hands.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
God built * his sanctuary in the earth.
Help us, O God, our Saviour, * deliver us: and forgive us our sins.
O God, the heathens are come into thy inheritance, they have defiled thy holy temple: * they have made Jerusalem as a place to keep fruit.
They have given the dead bodies of thy servants to be meat for the fowls of the air: * the flesh of thy saints for the beasts of the earth.
They have poured out their blood as water, round about Jerusalem, * and there was none to bury them.
We are become a reproach to our neighbours: * a scorn and derision to them that are round about us.
How long, O Lord, wilt thou be angry for ever: * shall thy zeal be kindled like a fire?
Pour out thy wrath upon the nations that have not known thee: * and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name.
Because they have devoured Jacob; * and have laid waste his place.
Remember not our former iniquities: let thy mercies speedily prevent us, * for we are become exceeding poor.
Help us, O God, our saviour: and for the glory of thy name, O Lord, deliver us: * and forgive us our sins for thy name’s sake:
Lest they should say among the Gentiles: Where is their God? * And let him be made known among the nations before our eyes,
By the revenging the blood of thy servants, which hath been shed: * let the sighing of the prisoners come in before thee.
According to the greatness of thy arm, * take possession of the children of them that have been put to death.
And render to our neighbours sevenfold in their bosom: * the reproach wherewith they have reproached thee, O Lord.
But we thy people, and the sheep of thy pasture, * will give thanks to thee for ever.
We will shew forth thy praise, * unto generation and generation.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
Help us, O God, our Saviour, * deliver us: and forgive us our sins.
I am the Lord * God of Israel, who brought you out from the land of Egypt.
Rejoice, O God, our helper: * sing aloud to the God of Jacob.
Take a psalm, and bring hither the timbrel: * the pleasant psaltery with the harp.
Blow up the trumpet on the new moon, * on the noted day of your solemnity.
For it is a commandment in Israel, * and a judgment to the God of Jacob.
He ordained it for a testimony in Joseph, when he came out of the land of Egypt: * he heard a tongue which he knew not.
He removed his back from the burdens: * his hands had served in baskets.
Thou calledst upon me in affliction, and I delivered thee: * I heard thee in the secret place of tempest: I proved thee at the waters of contradiction.
Hear, O my people, and I will testify to thee: * O Israel, if thou wilt hearken to me; there shall be no new god in thee: neither shalt thou adore a strange god.
For I am the Lord thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt: * open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it.
But my people heard not my voice: * and Israel hearkened not to me.
So I let them go according to the desires of their heart: * they shall walk in their own inventions.
If my people had heard me: * if Israel had walked in my ways:
I should soon have humbled their enemies, * and laid my hand on them that troubled them.
The enemies of the Lord have lied to him: * and their time shall be for ever.
And he fed them with the fat of wheat, * and filled them with honey out of the rock.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
I am the Lord * God of Israel, who brought you out from the land of Egypt.
Be not thou silent, O Lord, * for Thy enemies lifted up their head.
O God, who shall be like to thee? * Hold not thy peace, neither be O God, thou still,
For lo, thy enemies have made a noise: * and they that hate thee have lifted up the head.
They have taken a malicious counsel against thy people, * and have consulted against thy saints.
They have said: Come and let us destroy them, * so that they be not a nation: and let the name of Israel be remembered no more.
For they have contrived with one consent: * they have made a covenant together against thee; the tabernacles of the Edomites, and the Ismahelites:
Moab, and the Agarens, Gebal, and Ammon and Amalec: * the Philistines, with the inhabitants of Tyre.
Yea, and the Assyrian also is joined with them: * they are come to the aid of the sons of Lot.
Do to them as thou didst to Madian and to Sisara: * as to Jabin at the brook of Cisson.
Who perished at Endor: * and became as dung for the earth.
Make their princes like Oreb, and Zeb, * and Zebee, and Salmana.
All their princes, * who have said: Let us possess the sanctuary of God for an inheritance.
O my God, make them like a wheel; * and as stubble before the wind.
As fire which burneth the wood: * and as a flame burning mountains:
So shalt thou pursue them with thy tempest: * and shalt trouble them in thy wrath.
Fill their faces with shame; * and they shall seek thy name, O Lord.
Let them be ashamed and troubled for ever and ever: * and let them be confounded and perish.
And let them know that the Lord is thy name: * thou alone art the most High over all the earth.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, * and to the Holy Ghost.
As it was in the beginning, is now, * and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
Be not thou silent, O Lord, * for Thy enemies lifted up their head.
Pater noster, qui es in cælis, sanctificétur nomen tuum: advéniat regnum tuum: fiat volúntas tua, sicut in cælo et in terra. Panem nostrum cotidiánum da nobis hódie: et dimítte nobis débita nostra, sicut et nos dimíttimus debitóribus nostris:
Evangélica léctio sit nobis salus et protéctio.
In illo témpore: Erat dies festus Iudæórum, et ascéndit Iesus Ierosólymam. Et réliqua.
In that time was a festival day of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. And so on.
Videámus quid volúerit significáre in illo uno, quem étiam ipse servans unitátis mystérium, de tot languéntibus unum sanáre dignátus est. Invénit in annis eius númerum quemdam languóris: trigínta et octo annos habébat in infirmitáte. Hic númerus quómodo magis ad languórem pertíneat, quam ad sanitátem, paulo diligéntius exponéndum est. Inténtos vos volo: áderit Dóminus, ut cóngrue loquar, et sufficiénter audiátis. Quadragenárius númerus sacrátus nobis in quadam perfectióne commendátur; notum esse árbitror caritáti vestræ: testántur sæpíssime divínæ Scriptúræ: ieiúnium hoc número consecrátum esse, bene nostis. Nam et Móyses quadragínta diébus ieiunávit, et Elías tótidem: et ipse Dóminus noster et Salvátor Iesus Christus hunc ieiúnii númerum implévit. Per Móysen significátur Lex, per Elíam significántur Prophétæ, per Dóminum significátur Evangélium. Ideo in illo monte tres apparuérunt, ubi se discípulis osténdit in claritáte vultus et vestis suæ: appáruit enim médius inter Móysen et Elíam, tamquam Evangélium testimónium habéret a Lege et Prophétis.
Let us see what is mystically signified by that one infirm man whom alone the Lord, keeping to a mysterious unity, chose out of so many sufferers, to be the subject of His healing power. He found in him a certain number of years of sickness. He had had an infirmity thirty and eight years. How this number is proper rather to weakness than to health, will now be the subject of a few careful remarks. I bespeak your attention; the Lord will be present, that I may speak fitly, and you may understand. The number forty is put before us as hallowed, and, in a way, perfect. I think that your love knoweth this God's Scriptures often and; often witness it. Ye well know that a Fast of this number of days is hallowed. Moses fasted forty days. Elias did the same. And our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ Himself fasted this number of days complete. Moses representeth the Law, Elias the Prophets, and the Lord the Gospel. And therefore these three appeared on the Mount of the Transfiguration. There the Lord showed Himself to His disciples with His Face shining as the sun, and His raiment glistering; and He stood between Moses and Elias; as it were, the Gospel receiving testimony, on the one hand from the Law, and, on the other, from the Prophets.
Divínum auxílium máneat semper nobíscum.
Sive ergo in Lege, sive in Prophétis, sive in Evangélio, quadragenárius númerus nobis in ieiúnio commendátur. Ieiúnium autem magnum et generále est, abstinére ab iniquitátibus et illícitis voluptátibus sǽculi, quod est perféctum ieiúnium: Ut abnegántes impietátem et sæculáres cupiditátes, temperánter et iuste et pie vivámus in hoc sǽculo. Huic ieiúnio quam mercédem addit Apóstolus? Séquitur et dicit: Exspectántes illam beátam spem, et manifestatiónem glóriæ beáti Dei et Salvatóris nostri Iesu Christi. In hoc ergo sǽculo quasi quadragésimam abstinéntiæ celebrámus, cum bene vívimus, cum ab iniquitátibus et ab illícitis voluptátibus abstinémus: sed quia hæc abstinéntia sine mercéde non erit, exspectámus beátam illam spem, et revelatiónem glóriæ magni Dei et Salvatóris nostri Iesu Christi. In illa spe, cum fúerit de spe facta res, acceptúri sumus mercédem denárium. Ipsa enim merces rédditur operáriis in vínea laborántibus, secúndum Evangélium, quod vos credo reminísci: neque enim ómnia commemoránda sunt tamquam rúdibus et imperítis. Denárius ergo, qui accépit nomen a número decem, rédditur, et coniúnctus quadragenário fit quinquagenárius: unde cum labóre celebrámus Quadragésimam ante Pascha; cum lætítia vero, tamquam accépta mercéde, Quinquagésimam post Pascha.
Whether, therefore, it be in the Law, or in the Prophets, or in the Gospel, the number of forty is recommended to us for Fast-days. The great and general Fast is this to abstain from the iniquity of the world, and her forbidden pleasures. This is the perfect Fast, that, denying ungodliness, and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly in this present world. After such a Fast, what is the Feast that followeth? Hear what the Apostle saith in continuation Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ. (Titus ii. 12, 13.) We, then, make our pilgrimage in this world a Lent, by living good lives, and abstaining from her iniquities and her forbidden pleasures. But at the end of this life-long Lent there will be an Easter indeed. We look for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ When that hope is realised, when that faith is swallowed up in knowledge, then indeed shall we receive every man a penny. In good sooth, it is true that every labourer in the vineyard will get his wages witness that Gospel which I believe ye have not forgotten, (Matth. xx. 116) and which it is not my business to quote again as if ye were ignorant children. Now, the word used in the original for this penny which the labourers received is denarion. And the derivation of the word denarion is the numeral decem, ten. There are forty days in Lent, and if we add ten, we get fifty. So do we toil in fasting for the forty days of Lent before Easter, and, then, when we have, as it were, received our reward, we keep holiday for the fifty days of Eastertide.
Ad societátem cívium supernórum perdúcat nos Rex Angelórum.
Mementóte quod proposúerim númerum trigínta octo annórum in illo lánguido. Volo expónere, quare númerus ille trigésimus et octávus, languóris sit pótius quam sanitátis. Ergo, ut dicébam, cáritas implet Legem: ad plenitúdinem Legis in ómnibus opéribus pértinet quadragenárius númerus. In caritáte autem duo præcépta nobis commendántur: Díliges Dóminum Deum tuum ex toto corde tuo, et ex tota ánima tua, et ex tota mente tua: et díliges próximum tuum sicut teípsum. In his duóbus præcéptis tota Lex pendet, et Prophétæ. Mérito et illa vídua omnes facultátes suas, duo minúta misit in dona Dei: mérito et pro illo lánguido a latrónibus sauciáto stabulárius duos nummos accépit, unde sanarétur: mérito apud Samaritános bíduum fecit Iesus, ut eos caritáte firmáret. Binário ergo isto número cum áliquid boni significátur, máxime bipertíta cáritas commendátur. Si ergo quadragenárius númerus habet perfectiónem Legis, et Lex non implétur nisi in gémino præcépto caritátis: quid miráris, quia languébat, qui ad quadragínta, duo minus habébat?
Remember how I remarked, that the man healed by our Lord at the pool of Bethesda had had an infirmity thirty and eight years. I wish to explain why this number of thirty-eight is proper rather to weakness than to health. Love is the fulfilling of the law (Rom. xiii. 10;) to the fulfilling of the law belongeth in every work the number forty. But in love we have given us two precepts Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets. (Matth. xxii. 37-40.) When the widow gave all she had for an offering to God she gave two mites (Mark xii. 42;) the inn-keeper received two pence wherewith to cure him that had fallen among thieves (Luke x. 35;) Jesus abode for two days among the Samaritans (John i40,) that He might establish them in love. When, then, anything good is spoken of as two, the two great divisions of love are the chief mystic interpretation. If, then, the law is fulfilled in the number forty, and it is not fulfilled if there be lacking the two precepts of love, what wonder is it that he was infirm who lacked two of forty?
Orémus.
Esto, Dómine, propítius plebi tuæ: † et, quam tibi facis esse devótam, benígno réfove miserátus auxílio.
Per Dóminum nostrum Iesum Christum, Fílium tuum: † qui tecum vivit et regnat in unitáte Spíritus Sancti, Deus, * per ómnia sǽcula sæculórum.
Be gracious unto thy people, O Lord, and in thy mercy help all such as Thou hast called to be thine.
Through Jesus Christ, thy Son our Lord, Who liveth and reigneth with thee, in the unity of the Holy Ghost, God, world without end.